Austin, TX
(512) 456-3536

Citizenship & Naturalization

Citizenship and Naturalization

Guidance toward United States citizenship for lawful permanent residents, including the complex cases many firms turn away.

The last step, taken carefully

Naturalization is usually the final step in a long process, and it deserves the same care as every step that came before it. We represent lawful permanent residents seeking naturalization, and we handle Certificate of Citizenship applications for people who acquired citizenship automatically through a parent but have never had the paperwork to prove it. Some of our strongest work has been in the harder naturalization cases: an applicant with a prior conviction on the record, or a gap in continuous residence from time spent outside the country. Those files need a close read of the record and a clear, honest explanation to USCIS of what happened and why it should not stand in the way. We build that explanation from your actual history, not a template, and we walk you through what the agency is likely to ask before the interview does.

What naturalization actually requires

Generally, naturalization requires five years as a lawful permanent resident, or three years if you are married to and living with a U.S. citizen, along with the continuous residence, physical presence, and good moral character standards USCIS applies to every case. The process runs through a filed application, biometrics, and an interview that covers your file along with the civics and English tests, followed by an oath ceremony if you are approved. A denial is not automatically the end of the road. Depending on the reason, you may be able to request review before a different officer or refile once the underlying issue is resolved. We read denial notices closely before recommending which path fits.

Ghoshal Law has taken on citizenship cases most firms decline, including those involving a prior conviction or a disrupted residence history. Call (512) 456-3536 to talk through where your case stands.

Water feature and river-rock atrium inside the Great Hills Plaza building, where Ghoshal Law's office is located

Two paths, one office

Naturalization is not the only route we handle.

Form N-400

Naturalization

The route most lawful permanent residents take once they meet the residence and presence requirements. We prepare the application, prepare you for the interview, and stay involved through the oath ceremony.

Form N-600

Certificate of Citizenship

For people who became a U.S. citizen automatically, usually through a parent, but have no document to show it. We assemble the proof of how citizenship was acquired and file for the certificate itself.

Why it matters

Citizenship changes what the law makes available to you.

Clients ask us why naturalization is worth the process. These are the differences that come up most often in that conversation:

  • Vote in federal, state and local elections
  • Run for public office
  • Serve on a jury
  • Permanent protection from deportation proceedings
  • Sponsor certain family members for immigration
  • Travel on a U.S. passport with no strict residency requirement
  • Apply for federal grants, scholarships and Social Security
  • Apply for state and federal government jobs

This page describes our practice generally and is not legal advice for your specific situation. Nothing here creates an attorney-client relationship.

Citizenship & Naturalization

Questions we hear most about citizenship.

You may apply after 5 years as a lawful permanent resident, or after 3 years if married to a U.S. citizen and living with them. Other eligibility criteria must be met.

You must have continuously resided in the U.S. and been physically present for at least 30 months, or 18 months if applying under the 3-year rule. We help you determine if travel affected your eligibility.

Possibly. Certain offenses may affect eligibility, but others may be waived or explained. We will evaluate your record and guide you through the process.

The U.S. permits dual citizenship, but some countries do not. We recommend checking with the consulate of your home country to understand the implications.